2021年湖北专升本《大学英语》真题解析

2021年湖北普通专升本英语真题答案及解析

Part I Vocabulary& Structure（25%）

1.【答案】A

【解析】本题考察such的固定用法和冠词的用法。such常用于“such+a(n)+adj.+可数名词单数”或“such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中。根据句中的movie(可数名词单数)可知，此处应用前一种结构，且wonderful的发音是以辅音音素/w/开头的，所以空处应用不定冠词a。故选 A。

【译文】《疯狂动物城》是一部如此精彩的电影，以至我想再看一次。

2.【答案】B

【解析】本题考察时态。由题干中in 2013可知，时间发生在过去，主要强调动作是否发生，用一般过去时即可。A项为一般现在时，与时间标志词相悖、C项为现在完成时，在现在完成时用法中，虽动作同样发生在过去，但是区别在于要对现在产生影响，而本题仅仅旨在说明发生的客观性，不产生影响、D项为过去完成时故排除。

【译文】北京和张家口于2013年开始申请举办2022年冬奥会。

3.【答案】A

【解析】考察时态和语态。题干中时间状语“in the near future（在不久的将来）”可知，从句的谓语动词应用一般将来时，表示将要发生的动作。且根据句意可知，the environment和 improve( 改 善)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以从句应用一般将来时的被动语态，即谓语动词用“shall/will be+过去分词”的形式。故选A。

【译文】我们相信，通过我们的努力工作，湖北的环境会在不久的将来得到很大改善。

4.【答案】C

【解析】本题考察宾语从句。由于后面的从句不缺成分，因此选择连接副词即可。when(什么时候，何时)在名词性从句中作时间状语；if(是否)在名词性从句中不充当任何 语法成分，只起连接作用；why(为什么， ……的原因)在名词性从句中作原因状语。由回答可知，是提高听力的方法，结合两者可知，空白处应选择对于方式提问，所以应用连接副词 how (怎样，如何)。

【译文】—你能告诉我如何能提高自己的听力吗?

      —你最好每天都收看中央电视台英语新闻频道。

5.【答案】D

【解析】本题考察数词的用法。由题干中“above”一词可知，在房间406上方，因此可以排除A和C。通常表示“第几层”应用序数词，排除B，选D，第五层。

【译文】我父母住在406房间，我住在五楼他们正上方的房间。

6.---May I speak to Jane,please？

---Just a minute! She          the flowers in the garden .

A. waters               

B. is watering

C. watered                 

D. will water

答案为【B】

【解析】本题考察时态。由语境可知，答句描述的是Jane此刻正在做的动作，因为要选择正在进行时，其结构为
“be doing”，A项为一般现在时、C项为一般过去时、D项为一般将来时。

【本题译文】——请问我可以和简说话吗?

——请稍等!她正在花园里给花儿浇水。

7. But for the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, he       of hunger fifteen years ago.

A. must have died          

B.would die

C.would have died          

D.must die

答案为【C】

【解析】本题考察虚拟语气。由题干中“but for”可知，此题考虑虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句，在此用法下，只需要看主句的时态即可，也就是题干中的“fifteen years ago（15年前）”表示的是对过去的假设，表示过去的虚拟语气主句用could/might/would/should have done，选C。

【本题译文】要不是中国人民解放军，十五年前他就饿死了。

8.       she was very tired,she continued working on her homework.

A. Since               

B.Although

C.Because               

D.So

答案为【B】

【解析】本题考察状语从句连接词。 since:自…… 以来，既然，引导时间和原因状语从句；although:尽管，引导让步状语从句；because:因为，引导原因状语从句；so:因此，表示因果关系。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，选B。

【本题译文】尽管她感到很疲惫，但她继续做家庭作业。

9.          the difficult math problems,I have asked Professor Russell several times for help.

A. Working out            

B. Worked out

C. Work out              

D. To work out

答案为【D】

【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用不定式，逗号前的部分在句中作目的状语。根据句意可知，I与work out(解决)之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以应用不定式的一般式。A 项是现在分词的一般式，表示主动或正在进行，或者这个动作与谓语动词所表示的动作(几乎)同时发生；B 项是过去分词，表示被动或完成；C 项是动词原形，不符合语法规则，这三项均不符合题意。故选 D。

【本题译文】为了解决这些数学难题，我已经多次向拉塞尔教授求助了。

10. I would appreciate        back this afternoon.

A. you to call              

B.you call

C.your calling              

D.you’re calling

答案为【C】

【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。题干中appreciate一词的固定搭配为：appreciate doing sth. 题干中动名词的复合结构作宾语。动名词也可以带逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构，当动名词的复合结构作宾语，其逻辑主语是代词时，可以用形容词性物主代词或代词宾格，所以空处应用your calling或 you calling。故选C。

【本题译文】如果您今天下午能回电话，我将不胜感激。

11. Robert wished that he         business instead of history when he was in university.

A. might have studied

B. had studied

C.would study

D.might study

答案为【B】

【解析】本题考察虚拟语气。由wish引出的虚拟条件句，题干中“wished”、“when he was in university”可知是对过去的假设，因此从句的谓语动词用had done，因此选择B.

【本题译文】罗伯特在大学时希望学习商科而不是历史。

12. The oil crop this year has increased     25% over the last year.

A. to                   

B. in

C. by                    

D. for

答案为【C】

【解析】本题考察介词搭配。increase to 意为“增长到…… ”;in: 在…… 内，在…… 中， 在……方面，increase in意为“在……方面增长”;by:表示程度、数量，increase by意为“增长了……”;for:(表示对象、用途等)给，对，供。通常用increase by后面接百分数，increase to后面接具体的数字。根据句意和用法可知，选C。

【本题译文】今年油料作物(产量)比去年增长了25%。

13. Ten percent of the workers in this city         now working from home due to COVID-19.

A. is                    

B.are

C.is to be                

D.are to be

答案为【B】

【解析】本题考察主谓一致和时态。“分数/百分数+of+名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词的数应与of后面名词或代词的数保持一致。本句中of后面的名词是the workers(可数名词复数),所以本句的谓语动词应用复数形式。根据句意和句中的时间状语now(现在)可知，本句应用现在进行时，即谓语动词用“am/is/are+现在分词”的形式，表示现在正在进行的动作，所以空处应用are。故选B。

【本题译文】由于新冠肺炎疫情，现在这个城市10%的上班族在家上班。

14. It is the first book of this kind       I’ve ever read.

A. that                 

B.which

C.what                  

D.when

答案为【A】

【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是一个定语从句，在从句中作宾语，且先行 词 book of this kind前 有the first修饰。当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词，或the only, the very,the last等修饰时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which。that在定语从句中作宾 语时也可省略，所以空处应用that,也可不填。what不能引导定语从句；when在定语从句中作时间状语，均不符合题意。

【本题译文】这是我读过的第一本这个类型的书。

15. Big news was sometimes announced half a day before it actually happened,         ？

A. was it                  

B.wasn’t it

C.did it                  

D.didn’t it

答案为【B】

【解析】本题考察反义疑问句。 若陈述句部分是肯定形式，反意疑问句部分则用否定形式；若陈述句部分是否定形式，反意疑问句部分则用肯定形式，即遵循 “前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定”原则。两部分的人称、数和时态应保持一致。分析句子结构可知，陈述句部分为主从复合句，且主句的主语不是第一人称，所以反意疑问句部分应与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。根据陈述句部分主句中的News was可知，空处应用wasn't it。故选B。

【本题译文】新闻有时会在它真正发生前半天就被宣布了，不是吗?

16. English at the end of the 20th century was more widely spoken and written than          language.

A. one other              

B.many other

C.some other              

D.any other

答案为【D】

【解析】本题考察词义辨析。one other:另一，另一个；many other:许多其他的，其他众多；some other:其

他一些；any other:其他任何。根据句意可知，选D。

【本题译文】20世纪末，英语比其他任何语言都更广泛地应用于口语和书写。

17. The 5G technology can help doctors       patients who are hundreds of miles away.

A. care                  

B.treat

C.operate                 

D.recover

答案为【B】

【解析】本题考察词义辨析。care:关注，在意；treat: 医疗，医治，治疗；operate: 运转，工作，动手术；

recover:恢复健康，康复，痊愈。根据句意可知，选B。

【本题译文】5G 技术可以帮助医生治疗数百英里外的病人。

18. You can’t change yourself by making empty talk all day long.What         is what you do,not what you say.

A. matters                

B.means

C.meets                  

D.Minds

答案为【A】

【解析】本题考查词义辨析。matter:事关紧要，要紧，有重大影响；mean: 意思是，本意是；meet:相遇，满足；mind:苦恼，焦虑，介意。根据句意可知，选A。

【本题译文】 整天说空话是改变不了自己的。重要的是你做了什么，而不是你说了什么。

19. Jason made a        to his parents that he would study harder.

A.plan                 

B.purpose

C.progress                

D.promise

答案为【D】

【解析】本题考察词义辨析。plan:计划，打算；purpose:意图，目的，用途，目标；progress:进步，进展；promise:诺言，许诺，承诺，make a promise意为“许下诺言”。根据句意可知，选D。

【本题译文】贾森向他的父母许下了他会更加努力学习的诺言。

20.It was at the first meeting that Mike         me with his good manners and sense of humor.

A.admired              

B.reminded

C.impressed             

D.shared

答案为【C】

【解析】本题考察词义辨析。admire:钦佩，赞赏，仰慕；remind:提醒，使想起；impress:使钦佩，使敬仰，

给……留下深刻的好印象；share:共有，合用。根据句意可知，选C。

【本题译文】正是在第一次见面时，迈克用他的礼貌和幽默感给我留下了深刻的好印象。

21. If you have to travel a very long distance, try to go to bed earlier than        the day before the journey.

A. common                

B.usual

C.ordinary                

D.normal

答案为【B】

【解析】本题考察词义辨析。 common:常见的，通常的，普遍的；usual: 通常的，寻常的，惯常的，than usual 意为“比平常”;ordinary:普通的， 一般的，平凡的；normal:典型的，正常的。根据句意可知，选B。

【本题译文】如果你必须长途旅行，尽量在旅行前一天比平常更早睡觉。

22.The train is leaving.There is not much time left, so I’ll tell you about it         .

A. in detail                

B.in time

C.in all                  

D.in short

答案为【D】

【解析】本题考察词组辨析。in  detail:详细地；in time:终于，及时；in  all:总共，共计；in  short:简言之，总

之。根据句意可知，选 D。

【本题译文】火车要开了。剩下的时间不多了，所以我将简短地告诉你有关这件事的情况。

23.The   will help you if you can’t find the book you want in the library.

A. agent                   

B.manager

C.librarian                  

D.operator

答案为【C】

【解析】本题考察词义辨析。agent:代理人，经纪人；manager:(企业、店铺等的)经理，经营者，老板；

librarian:图书管理员；operator:操作人员，技工。根据句意可知，选C。

【本题译文】如果你在图书馆不能找到自己想要的书，图书管理员会帮助你。

24.All of a sudden,there was a loud noise and all the lights         .

A. came out               

B.wore out

C.looked out               

D.went out

答案为【D】

【解析】本题考察词组辨析。come  out:(太阳、月亮或星星)出现，出版，发行；wear out:磨薄，穿破，磨损，

用坏；look out:(表示警告，尤指有危险)小心，当心，留神；go out:出门参加社交活动，外出交际，(火或灯光)熄灭。根据句意可知，选D。

【本题译文】突然出现一声巨响，所有的灯都熄灭了。

25.In the last 20 years shopping on the Internet has increased        .

A. Steadily

B. closely 

C.safely  

D.suddenly

答案为【D】

【解析】本题考察词义辨析。steadily:稳步地；closely: 靠近地，紧密地；safely:安全地，未受损伤(或损

坏),未丢失；suddenly:突然，忽然。根据句意可知，选D。

【本题译文】在过去的二十年里，网购骤然增加。

Part ll Reading Comprehension （45%）

This part is to test your reading ability.There are two sections in it.

Section 1（40%）

Directions：There are 4 passages in this section.After each passage there are 5 questions.Such question is followed by four answers marked A.B.C.and D.Choose the best answer to the question  and blacken the corresponding letter Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Mobile phones have become a part of everyone’s life.Most people have at least one mobile phone.And every month,new models appear in the stores.They offer exciting new features like cameras.MP3 players.and the ability to connect with the Internet.Now mobile phone users can do more on the Internet than ever before.They are able to do almost all the things on their mobile phones that they used to do on their computers. Moreover,some mobile phones now have voice recognition software,so people do not even have to use the buttons on their phones.They can simply tell their phones what they want to see or do.

One problem with mobile phones is that they have small screens.However,this problem could be solved in the future by making phones that project pictures and movies onto a wall or a sheet of paper.Mobile phones will also be used with“e-paper”（large screens that can be folded and easily stored and carried）as well as personal video screens that look like pairs of sunglasses.

As you can see,the mobile phone has a promising future,and its features will change in ways that we cannot even imagine.

26.Which of the following is NOT an exciting new feature of today’s mobile phones？

A.Cameras.                               

B.MP3 players

C.CD players.                               

D.Internet connection

答案为【C】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：“They offer exciting new features like cameras,MP3 players,and the ability to connect to the Internet.”即第一段第四句，新款手机提供了令人兴奋的新功能，比如摄像头、MP3 播放器和联网功能。所以A、B、D三项均是新款手机的新功能。C项(CD播放器)在文中并未提及。

27.              allows people to tell their phones what they want to see or do.

A.An overhead projector        

B. A personal video screen

C.A button on the phone        

D. Voice recognition software

答案为【D】

【解析】 本题为细节题。定位句：Moreover,some mobile phones now have voice recognition software,so people do not even have to use the buttons on their phones.They can simply tell their phones what they want to see or do.即第一段最后两句。关键词“ voice recognition software”在原文中体现。现在一些手机有语音识别软件，因此人们甚至不必使用手机上的按键，他们可以仅仅告诉手机他们想要看什么或做什么。

28.According to the passage,what is the problem with mobile phones？

A.Their screens are small.         

B.They connect with the Internet.

C.New models appear all the time.

D.They do many things a computer does.

答案为【A】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：One problem with mobile phones is that they have small screens.即第二段第一句。BCD均未提及。

29. All the following are features of e-paper EXCEPT that          .

A. it can be stored            

B.it can be folded

C.it can be carried            

D.it can be printed

答案为【D】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：Mobile phones will also be used with“e-paper”（large screens that can be folded and easily stored and carried）as well as personal video screens that look like pairs of sunglasses.即第二段第三句。括号里的解释说明涵盖了ABC三项，D未提及。

30.What can we infer from the last paragraph？

A.The mobile phone has a sad future             

B.The mobile phone has a bright future.

C.The mobile phone has a certain future.         

D.The mobile phone has a difficult future.

答案为【B】

【解析】本题为推理判断题。定位句：As you can see,the mobile phone has a promising future,and its features will change in ways that we cannot even imagine.由原文中“a promising future”和“change in ways that we cannot even imagine”可知，对于手机的未来作者是报以正向积极的态度，且a promising future和a bright future的含义最为接近。

译文

手机已经成为每个人生活的一部分。大多数人至少有一部手机。每个月都有新款手机出现在商店里。手机有提供令人兴奋的新功能，比如照相机、mp3播放器、以及连接互联网的能力。现在手机用户可以在互联网上做比以往任何时候都多的事情。他们可以在手机上做几乎所有他们过去在电脑上做的事情。此外，一些手机现在有语音识别软件，所以人们甚至不需要使用手机上的按钮。他们可以简单地告诉手机他们想看什么或做什么。

手机的一个问题是屏幕太小。然而，这个问题可以在未来通过制造将图片和电影投射到墙上或一张纸上的手机来解决。手机也将与“电子纸”(可折叠且易于储存和携带的大屏幕)以及看起来像太阳镜的个人视频屏幕一起使用。

正如你所看到的，手机有一个充满希望的未来，它的功能将以我们甚至无法想象的方式改变。

Passage 2

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. For many centuries, Mars has also been called the “ Red Planet”. Ancient Greeks and Romans thought of Mars as the god of war.Some people imagined that Mars was like the Earth and inhabited with many strange creatures.

Galileo was the first person to view Mars through a telescope.As telescopes improve, astronomers find that the red planet is about half as big as the Earth.From 1965 through 1972.The American Mariner series of robot spacecraft took many close-up television images of Mars.In 1976 two American spacecraft arrived on the Martian surface.Each carried two color television cameras,a 3-meter-long retractable（可伸缩的）arm,a small laboratory,and other instruments. They helped scientists discover exciting new knowledge about Mars.

Mars is mostly a vast desert with immense mountains,extremely deep canyons,and enormous dust storms.Ice covers the Martian polar-regions,and buried ice exists in other areas.Some regions can get warm,but a -60℃ is the average Martian temperature.

Some scientists believe a global warming gas could be produced on Mars.This gas could help to warm the cold red planet and make it more like the Earth.

The future is full of exciting changes,and some day Mars will have human explorers colonists,and tourists hiking across its surface.Maybe one of these people will be you.

31.Which of the following is not true according to the passage？

A.Mars is like the Earth.                       

B.Strange creatures live on Mars.

C.Mars is also called the“Red Planet”.            D.Ancient Greeks believed Mars was the god of peace.

答案为【D】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位段为第一段。ABC三个选项在文中均体现出来，D选项与原文“

Ancient Greeks and Romans thought of Mars as the god of war.”描述相反。

32.The Earth is about         Mars.

A.twice as big as  

B.four times as big as

C.as big as

D.half as big as

答案为【A】

【解析】本题为细节题。 the red planet is about half as big as the Earth.即第二段第二句。译为：这颗红色的行星大约是地球的一半大。因此地球是火星的两倍。选A，此题D为易错选项。

33. You’ll find all the following on Mars EXCEPT           .

A.dust storms     

B.mountains

C.canyons

D.lakes

答案为【D】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：Mars is mostly a vast desert with immense mountains,extremely deep canyons,and enormous dust storms.即第三段第一句。译为：火星基本上是一片广阔的沙漠，有着巨大的山脉、极深的峡谷和巨大的沙尘暴。因此包含了ABC三个选项，D项未提及。

34. What do we know about Mas from the passage？

A.It’s cold on Mars.                        

B.It’s warm on Mars.

C.Ice exists everywhere.                        

D.Ice only exists in polar-regions.

答案为【A】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：.Ice covers the Martian polar-regions,and buried ice exists in other areas.Some regions can get warm,but a -60℃ is the average Martian temperature.即第三段最后两句。译为：冰覆盖着火星的极地地区，埋在地下的冰也存在于其他地区。有些地区会变暖，但火星的平均温度是零下60℃。因此可知，火星整个星球是冷的。D项为易错项。

35. Scientists believe a global warming gas could           .

A. warm up the Earth                        

B.make Mars more like the Earth

C.discover knowledge about Mars                

D.protect the environment on Mars

答案为【B】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：Some scientists believe a global warming gas could be produced on Mars.This gas could help to warm the cold red planet and make it more like the Earth.即第四段。译为：一些科学家认为，火星上可能会产生一种导致全球变暖的气体。这种气体可以帮助温暖这颗寒冷的红色星球，使其更像地球。与B项描述相符。

译文

火星是离太阳第四远的行星。几个世纪以来，火星也被称为“红色星球”。古希腊和罗马人认为火星是战神。有些人认为火星就像地球一样，居住着许多奇怪的生物。

伽利略是第一个用望远镜观察火星的人。随着望远镜的改进，天文学家发现这颗红色星球大约是地球的一半大。从1965年到1972年美国水手号系列机器人宇宙飞船拍摄了许多火星的特写图像。1976年，两艘美国宇宙飞船到达火星表面。每个人都携带两个彩色电视摄像机，一个3米长的可伸缩臂，一个小实验室和其他仪器。他们帮助科学家发现了关于火星的令人兴奋的新知识。

火星基本上是一片广阔的沙漠，有着巨大的山脉、极深的峡谷和巨大的沙尘暴。冰覆盖着火星的极地地区，埋藏的冰也存在于其他地区。有些地区会变暖，但火星的平均温度是零下60℃。

一些科学家认为，火星上可能会产生一种导致全球变暖的气体。这种气体可以帮助温暖这颗寒冷的红色星球，使其更像地球。

未来充满了激动人心的变化，总有一天，火星上会有人类探险者、殖民者和游客在其表面徒步旅行。也许你就是这些人中的一个。

Passage 3

Many people believe that Sigmund Freud’s work marked the beginning of modern psychology.He developed new ways to study the human personality.Some people disagreed with his ideas, and others thought he was a genius.

Sigmund Freud was born in 1856 in Moravia,which is now the Czech Republic.His family moved to Vienna when Sigmund was four years old.He was the oldest of his mother’s eight children and her favorite.Sigmund loved to read and he was always at the top of his class.He had no interest in sports or outdoor activities,except walking.The family apartment had only four bedrooms,but Sigmund’s mother gave him his own room so he could study in peace.He rarely joined the family for meals.Instead,he ate alone in his room,surrounded by his favorite books.

Sigmund first thought about studying law,but then he decided to study medicine.He enrolled at the University of Vienna in 1873.He loved working in the laboratory and studying the scientific side of medicine rather than helping the patients.In fact,he stayed in school for seven years instead of the usual five because he spent so much time working in the laboratory of a famous professor.

36.Which of the following about Sigmund Freud is NOT true？

A.He loved reading.                         

B.He was a top student.

C.He was his mother’s favorite child             

D.He enjoyed having meals with his family.

答案为【D】

【解析】本题为细节题。C项对应第二段第二句：He was the oldest of his mother’s eight children and her favorite.A和B项对应在第二段第三句：Sigmund loved to read and he was always at the top of his class.D项的描述与原文相反：He rarely joined the family for meals.即在第二段倒数第二句。译为：他很少会跟家人一起吃饭。

37.When did Sigmund’s family move to Vienna？

A.In 1873.                                 

B.In 1864.

C.In 1860.                                 

D.In 1856.

答案为【C】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：His family moved to Vienna when Sigmund was four years old.即第二段第二句。信息中我们可知，他是在1856年出生的，四岁的时候搬去了维也纳，因此时间为1860年。

38.Sigmund Freud didn’t like      .

A.sports                                     

B.books

C.walking                                 

D.studying

答案为【A】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：He had no interest in sports or outdoor activities,except walking.即第二段第四句话。译为：他对运动或者户外活动没有兴趣，除了散步之外。因此选择A。

39.It took Sigmund seven years to get his medical degree because      .

A.he helped the patients                         

B.he spent lots of time in the lab

C.he went to law school first                     

D.school was difficult for him

答案为【B】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：In fact,he stayed in school for seven years instead of the usual five because he spent so much time working in the laboratory of a famous professor.即第三段最后一句。译为：事实上，他在学校呆了七年，而不是通常的五年，因为他花了很多时间在一位著名教授的实验室里工作。对应了B选项。ACD选项并未体现。

40. According to the passage,what is people’s opinion about Sigmund Freud？

A.They all think of him as crazy.                 

B.They all regard him as a genius.

C.People know little about him.                 

D.People’s opinions are divided.

答案为【D】

【解析】本题为推理判断题。定位句：Some people disagreed with his ideas, and others thought he was a genius.即第一段最后一句话。人们对他的评价是多样的，不一样的，对应D选项。

译文

许多人认为西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的著作标志着现代心理学的开端。他开发了研究人格的新方法。有些人不同意他的观点，而另一些人则认为他是个天才。

西格蒙德·弗洛伊德于1856年出生于摩拉维亚，也就是现在的捷克共和国。西格蒙德四岁时，全家搬到了维也纳。他是母亲八个孩子中最大的，也是母亲的最喜欢的孩子。西格蒙德喜欢阅读，他总是在班上名列前茅。除了散步，他对运动和户外活动不感兴趣。他家只有四间卧室，但西格蒙德的母亲给了他一个单独的房间，这样他就可以安静地学习。他很少和家人一起吃饭。相反，他一个人在房间里吃饭，周围都是他最喜欢的书。

西格蒙德最初想学法律，但后来他决定学医学。1873年，他被维也纳大学录取。他喜欢在实验室工作，研究医学的科学方面，而不是帮助病人。事实上，他在学校呆了七年，而不是通常的五年，因为他花了很多时间在一位著名教授的实验室里工作。

Passage 4

An early attempt to find a technological breakthrough for high speed rail travelling China was the Shanghai Maglev,which opened to the public in 2004.As the first commercial magnetic-Levitation(磁悬浮)train in the world,it connects Shanghai’s Pudong International Airport with the Shanghai subway system,traveling a distance of 30 kilometers in 8 minutes,at speeds as high as 430 kilometers per hour.It is the fastest commercially operated train anywhere in the world.

China now has two more maglevs.One in Changsha and the other in Beijing However,both of these only cover short distances and the trains travel at speeds of around 100 kilometers per hour,which is not much faster than trains on many conventional rail lines.

Apart from the complex technical and safety issues involved with maglev trains.Another big drawback with having a maglev line appears to be the high cost.Thus although maglev technology will continue to be used in the future - a train that is capable of reaching speeds of 600 kilometers per hour is being developed - the focus has been on ore conventional,off-the-shelf technology in the development of China’s high speed rail network.

41. The first commercial magnetic-levitation train in the world is in      .

A. Changsha

B.Beijing

C.Shanghai    

D.Wuhan

答案为【C】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：An early attempt to find a technological breakthrough for high speed rail travelling China was the Shanghai Maglev,which opened to the public in 2004.As the first commercial magnetic-Levitation(磁悬浮)train in the world.....即第一段第一句和第二句，在文章中定位词“The first commercial magnetic-levitation train ”体现在定位段，译为：为中国高速铁路寻找技术突破的早期尝试是2004年向公众开放的上海磁悬浮列车。作为世界上第一列商用磁悬浮列车.....C项正确

42. Which of the following statements about Shanghai Maglev is true？

A.It is the fastest train in the world.          

B.It opened to the public in 2004.

C.It travels 600 kilometers per hour          

D.It is not very expensive to build.

答案为【B】

【解析】本题为细节题。定位句：.....which opened to the public in 2004.与原文信息一致，其他选项：It is the fastest commercially operated train anywhere in the world.即第一段最后一句，原文是说上海磁悬浮列车是世界上最快的 商用运营列车，但并未说它是世界上最快的列车，A项错误，C项与原文信息相反，原文：at speeds as high as 430 kilometers per hour.时速为430而非600，D项与原文信息相反：Another big drawback with having a maglev line appears to be the high cost.即第三段第二句，原文信息是说建造的代价很大，与D项描述相反。

43.Trains on China’s conventional rail lines most probably travel at speeds of about         kilometers per hour.

A.30        

B.100

C.430  

D.600

答案为【B】

【解析】本题为推理判断题。定位句：“ …and the trains travel at speeds of around 100 kilometers per hour,which is not much faster than trains on many conventional rail lines.”即第二段最后一句，译为：长沙和北京的磁悬浮列车的运行速度约为每小时100公里，并不比许多传统铁路线上的列车快多少。由此可推知，中国传统铁路线上的列车速度极有可能是每小时100公里左右。故选B。

44.Which of the following is NOT a drawback with building a maglev line？

A.Cost.         

B.Safety

C.Speed    

D.Technology.

答案为【C】

【解析】本题为细节题。 根据最后一段第一句“Apart from the complex technical and safety issues involved with maglev trains,another big drawback with having a maglev line appears to be the high costs.”可知，除了磁悬浮列车所涉及的复杂的技术和安全问题外，拥有磁悬浮线路的另一个大的缺点似乎是高成本。由此可知，A、B、D三项均为建造磁悬浮线路的不利条件。故选C。

45.The focus of the development of China’s high speed rail network has been on all of the following EXCEPT      .

A.maglev technology     

B.traditional technology

C.off-the-shelf technology

D.conventional technology

答案为【A】

【解析】本题为细节题。根据最后一段最后一句“Thus although maglev technology will continue to be  used in the future …the focus has been on the conventional,off-the-shelf technology in the development of China's high-speed rail network.”可知，尽管磁悬浮技术在未来将继续使用，但在中国高铁网络的发展中，重点一直是传统的、现成的技术。由此可知，磁悬浮技术不是中国高铁网络发展中的重点。

译文

为中国高速铁路寻找技术突破的早期尝试是2004年向公众开放的上海磁悬浮列车。作为世界上第一列商用磁悬浮列车，它将上海浦东国际机场与上海地铁系统连接起来，以每小时430公里的速度在8分钟内行驶30公里。这是世界上最快的商业列车。

中国现在又多了两列磁悬浮列车。然而，这两条线路都只覆盖很短的距离，列车的时速约为每小时100公里，这比许多传统铁路线的列车快不了多少。

除了磁悬浮列车涉及的复杂技术和安全问题。磁悬浮线路的另一大缺点似乎是成本高。因此，尽管磁悬浮技术将在未来继续使用——时速可达600公里的列车正在研发中——但在中国高速铁路网的发展中，重点一直放在更传统的、现成的技术上。

Passage 5

Why is hot pot so popular in China?It shows the Chinese cultural values of openness and sharing.With a hot pot,you can put in any ingredient that you like:vegetables as well as meat. The same pot can serve any number of different meals to the people sitting around the table.No one is left out,and everyone gets to eat as much -or as little-as they want.

Hot pot creates a cozy,warm atmosphere and really brings people together as you sit around a pot, cooking, eating, talking, and relaxing.The food is important but also important are the feels.

In China,people like to joke that there is no problem that a hot pot can’t solve.The fire from the hot pot can melt just about any icy disagreement and warm just about any heart.Over a hot pot people can talk and share not just food,but friendship.While the food may soon be forgotten, thes friendships stay with us forever.

46. 【ingredient】 根据第一段第三句“…you can put in any ingredient that you like …”可知，你可以把任何你喜欢的食材放到火锅里，所以空处应填ingredient。

47. 【number】根据第一段倒数第二句“The same pot can serve any number of different meals to people sitting around the table.”可知，同一个火锅可以为围坐在桌边的人们提供 任意数量的不同的食物，所以空处应填number。

48. 【warm】根据第二段第一句“Hot pot creates a cozy,warm atmosphere.”可知，火锅营造了一种舒适、温暖的氛围，所以空处应填 warm。

49. 【icy disagreement】根据最后一段第二句“The fire from the hot pot can melt just about any icy disagreement and warm just about any heart.”可知，火锅的火可以融化几乎任何冰冷的分歧，温暖几乎任何一颗心，所以空处应填icy disagreement。

50. 【heart】根据最后一段第二句“The fire from the hot pot can melt just about any icy disagrement and warn just about any heart.”可知，火锅的火可以融化儿乎任何冰冷的分歧，温暖几乎任何一颗心，所以空处应填heart。

Part III Translation-English into Chinese（20%）

This part is to fest your ability to translate English into Chinese There are two sections in it.

Section 1（10%）

Directions：There are 5 sentences numbered 51 to 55.You will read three suggested translations marked A.B, and C Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

51.Many good suggestions were not fully understood when they were first brought up.

许多好的建议在最初提出时完全不被理解。

很多好的建议在第一次提出时没有被误解。

许多好的建议刚开始提出时未能被充分理解。

答案为【C】

【解析】分析句子结构可知，本句包含一个when引导的时间状语从句。 were not fully understood可译为“未能被充分理解” ;were first brought up可译为“刚开始提出，最 初提出，第一次提出”。A 项错译were not fully understood 为“完全不被理解”;B 项错译were not fully understood为“没有被误解”。故选C。

52.Well,a couple of years later,they became enemies.But we are getting ahead of the story.

A.几年之后，他们反目成仇，唉，不过这是后话了。

B 过了几年，他们成了敌人，唉，说到故事前面去了。

C 两年之后，他们成仇人了，唉，这只是预测罢了。

答案为【A】

【解析】分析句子结构可知，两句都为简单句，直译即可。 a couple of years 可译为 “几年”;we are getting ahead of the story可译为“这是后话了”。B 项错译we are getting ahead of the story为“说到故事前面去了”;C 项错译a couple of years为“两年”,错译we are getting ahead of the story为“这只是预测罢了”。故选A。

53.You should check every item before you pay for the goods.You can’t be too careful.

A.在收货款前，你要仔细检查每个条目。你一定要小心。

B 你应在付款之前逐项检查每个条款。你不能太小心。

C.付货款之前，应仔细检查每个项目。你再小心也不为过。

答案为【C】

【解析】分析句子结构可知，第一句包含一个before 引导的时间状语从句，可译为 “(在)……之前”。 check可译为“检查”;item 可译为“项目”;carefully可译为“仔细”; pay for the goods可译为“付货款”;can't be too careful可译为“再小心也不为过”。 A 项 错译pay for the goods为“收货款”,错译can't be too careful为“一定要小心”;B 项错译carefully为“逐项”,漏译the goods,错译can't be too careful为“不能太小心”。故选C。

54.There is so much happening this morning,I don’t know whether I’m coming or going.

今天上午发生了太多事情，搞得我晕头转向。

今天上午发生了很多事情，我不知道该不该来。

今天上午发生了一些事情，我不知道自己该不该离开。

答案为【A】

【解析】分析句子结构可知，第二句包含一个whether引导的宾语从句。so  much 可 译为“太多”;I don't know whether I'm coming or going可译为“搞得我晕头转向”。 BC均为表达出这个意思。

55.Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance.

人们往往对他们初次交往时会首先看到对方优点这件事很感兴趣。

人之所以有趣是因为他们刚接触一个人时，首先看到的往往都是他或她的优点。

人是很有意思的，他们接触熟人时，看到的往往都是他或她的第一个优点。

答案为【B】

【解析】本题有个很大的坑，只有be interested in（对……感兴趣），没有be interesting in，所以这句话应该是说“人是有趣的”，而不是“人们对……感兴趣”，排除A。in that是固定搭配，意为“因为”，用于引导原因状语从句，所以后半句是解释人有趣的原因，因此选B。first see good “首先看好的方面”，而不是“看第一个好的方面”，排除C。 a new acquaintance “一个新认识的人，初识的朋友”，tend to表示一种倾向，可译为“往往”，tend to first see good in a new acquaintance，即“在刚认识一个人时，往往会先看优点。”